SONARPY-5042 S6542: Consider ambiguous stub super classes when detecting overrides

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
GitOrigin-RevId: 2389248034d1dafecb10f08ad4615b4d2f71d5f3

Author: 2 people

python-checks/src/test/resources/checks/useOfAnyAsTypeHintCheck/useOfAnyAsTypeHint.py

@@ -149,3 +149,25 @@ def method_with_kwargs(self, **kwargs: Any) -> None:  # Compliant
 
     def method_with_both(self, param: Any, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:  # Noncompliant 2
         pass
+
+
+# Stub super classes defined differently across Python versions are ambiguous symbols: their members can still be overridden
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from typing import ContextManager
+
+class SharedContext(SimpleNamespace):
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:  # Compliant, overrides SimpleNamespace.__setattr__
+        ...
+
+    def not_an_override(self, value: Any) -> None:  # Noncompliant
+        ...
+
+class CompilerContextManager(ContextManager[int]):
+    def __init__(self, mode: Any) -> None:  # Compliant, overrides object.__init__
+        ...
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Any, exc_value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:  # Compliant, overrides ContextManager.__exit__
+        ...
+
+    def not_an_override(self, value: Any) -> None:  # Noncompliant
+        ...

python-frontend/src/main/java/org/sonar/python/semantic/SymbolUtils.java

@@ -383,7 +383,8 @@ public static boolean canBeAnOverridingMethod(@Nullable FunctionSymbol functionS
     if (owner == null || owner.kind() != CLASS) return false;
     ClassSymbol classSymbol = (ClassSymbol) owner;
     if (classSymbol.hasUnresolvedTypeHierarchy()) return true;
-    for (Symbol superClass : classSymbol.superClasses()) {
+    // Version-specific stub classes and aliases are ambiguous: any alternative can declare the overridden member
+    for (Symbol superClass : flattenAmbiguousSymbols(new HashSet<>(classSymbol.superClasses()))) {
       if (superClass.is(CLASS)) {
         boolean canHaveMember = ((ClassSymbol) superClass).canHaveMember(functionSymbol.name());
         if (canHaveMember) return true;