diff --git a/src/Type/Pest/PestTestCaseType.php b/src/Type/Pest/PestTestCaseType.php
index c27f643..a08f80a 100644
--- a/src/Type/Pest/PestTestCaseType.php
+++ b/src/Type/Pest/PestTestCaseType.php
@@ -19,29 +19,16 @@ public function __construct(
 
     public function resolve(string $filePath): Type
     {
-        $bindings = $this->pestConfigReader->resolveFileBindings($filePath);
-
-        if ($bindings === []) {
-            $bindings = $this->pestConfigReader->resolveBindings($filePath);
-        }
-
-        $classNames = [];
-        $traitNames = [];
-
-        foreach ($bindings as $binding) {
-            if (! $this->reflectionProvider->hasClass($binding)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            $reflection = $this->reflectionProvider->getClass($binding);
-
-            if ($reflection->isTrait()) {
-                $traitNames[] = $binding;
+        [$classNames, $traitNames] = $this->partition(
+            $this->pestConfigReader->resolveFileBindings($filePath),
+        );
 
-                continue;
-            }
+        if ($classNames === []) {
+            [$classNames, $directoryTraitNames] = $this->partition(
+                $this->pestConfigReader->resolveBindings($filePath),
+            );
 
-            $classNames[] = $binding;
+            $traitNames = array_values(array_unique([...$directoryTraitNames, ...$traitNames]));
         }
 
         if ($classNames === []) {
@@ -61,6 +48,32 @@ public function resolve(string $filePath): Type
         );
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param  list<string>  $bindings
+     * @return array{list<class-string>, list<class-string>}
+     */
+    private function partition(array $bindings): array
+    {
+        $classNames = [];
+        $traitNames = [];
+
+        foreach ($bindings as $binding) {
+            if (! $this->reflectionProvider->hasClass($binding)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if ($this->reflectionProvider->getClass($binding)->isTrait()) {
+                $traitNames[] = $binding;
+
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $classNames[] = $binding;
+        }
+
+        return [$classNames, $traitNames];
+    }
+
     /**
      * @param  list<string>  $classNames
      */
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/CustomTestCaseInference/Feature/local-uses-trait-only-keeps-directory-testcase.php b/tests/Fixtures/CustomTestCaseInference/Feature/local-uses-trait-only-keeps-directory-testcase.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ad9fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/CustomTestCaseInference/Feature/local-uses-trait-only-keeps-directory-testcase.php
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace LocalUsesTraitOnlyKeepsDirectoryTestCase;
+
+use Tests\Type\Fixtures\CustomTestCase;
+use Tests\Type\Fixtures\HelperTrait;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+uses(HelperTrait::class);
+
+function testTraitOnlyLocalUsesKeepsTheDirectoryTestCase(): void
+{
+    it('keeps the directory-bound test case when the file binds only a trait', function (): void {
+        assertType(CustomTestCase::class, $this);
+        assertType('string', $this->publicHelper());
+        assertType('string', $this->helperMethod());
+    });
+}
diff --git a/tests/Type/CustomTestCaseTest.php b/tests/Type/CustomTestCaseTest.php
index fb31376..a13648b 100644
--- a/tests/Type/CustomTestCaseTest.php
+++ b/tests/Type/CustomTestCaseTest.php
@@ -33,3 +33,9 @@
 })->with(function (): Iterator {
     yield from CustomTestCaseTestCase::gatherAssertTypes(__DIR__.'/../Fixtures/CustomTestCaseInference/Feature/local-uses-overrides-directory.php');
 });
+
+test('a trait-only file-level uses() keeps the directory binding', function (string $assertType, string $file, mixed ...$args): void {
+    $this->assertFileAsserts($assertType, $file, ...$args);
+})->with(function (): Iterator {
+    yield from CustomTestCaseTestCase::gatherAssertTypes(__DIR__.'/../Fixtures/CustomTestCaseInference/Feature/local-uses-trait-only-keeps-directory-testcase.php');
+});