docs: remove duplicated words and fix two garbled words across core crates

[simpleqt]

A sweep of duplicated/garbled words in comments and doc comments that a per-line scan misses (several span a line break). Each site verified verbatim before editing:

• core/predicate/src/lib.rs — 'Asser that that cannot happen' → 'Assert that it cannot happen'
• core/iox_query/src/query_log.rs — 'returns returns an [Option]'
• core/parquet_file/src/storage.rs — 'For each each object store'
• core/data_types/src/snapshot/table.rs — 'if need need the decoded form' → 'if you need'
• core/object_store_mem_cache/.../s3_fifo.rs — 'move to to back'
• core/trogging/src/lib.rs — 'until a a whole line is been written' → 'until a whole line has been written'
• core/influxdb_iox_client/src/client/namespace.rs (×2) — 'is the the retention period'
• core/iox_query_influxql/src/plan/planner_rewrite_expression.rs — 'must be case to an an Int8' → 'cast to an Int8'
• core/trace_exporters/src/jaeger.rs — 'fail to / to decode' across the break
• core/iox_query/src/exec/context.rs — 'allows it / it to use' across the break
• influxdb3/tests/server/query.rs (×2) — 'as / as JSON' across the break

Comments/doc-comments only; no code change.

Signed CLA

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